Dupuytren's contracture - Causes of Dupuytren's contracture

Dupuytren's contracture occurs when bands of shortened connective tissue prevent you from fully extending your finger. It is not known why this happens.

However, research has shown there are several factors that make it more likely to develop.

Genetics seems to be the most significant factor, as between four and seven in every 10 people with the condition have a family history of the condition.

Genetics

Due to the significant number of people with Dupuytren’s contracture who have other family members with the condition, it is thought that the condition is an autosomal dominant disorder that can be passed on to you from your parents. Autosomal dominant means that you only need to inherit the gene that causes the condition from one of your parents, rather than both of them.

Dupuytren's contracture is also more common in people of northern European descent, which suggests genes play a role in the condition.

Read more about genetics and genetic inheritance.

Other possible factors

There are a number of health problems that may also increase your chances of developing Dupuytren’s contracture. 

• diabetes – a long-term health condition that causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high
• treatment for epilepsy with medications called anticonvulsants
• heavy drinking or smoking

However, many people with Dupuytren’s contracture are not affected by these problems and some studies have suggested the link between them and Dupuytren's contracture is not significant.

A previous injury to the hand – such as a broken wrist – has also been associated with an increased risk of Dupuytren's contracture, but it is not clear how this may lead to the condition.

Dupuytren's contracture is generally not thought to be related to manual work or using vibrating tools, although some recent studies have suggested there may be a link.