Cystoscopy - Risks of a cystoscopy

A cystoscopy is usually a safe procedure and serious complications are rare. Occasionally, there may be problems passing urine or an infection may develop.

Urinary tract infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an infection of your urethra, bladder or kidneys. Symptoms of a UTI can include:

• a burning sensation when urinating that lasts longer than two days
• a high temperature (fever) of 38ºC (100.4ºF) or above
• unpleasant smelling urine
• nausea
• vomiting
• pain in your lower back or side

Contact your GP or hospital staff as soon as possible if you have any of the above symptoms. Most UTIs can be successfully treated with antibiotics.

Problems passing urine

Some people find it difficult to pass urine after having a cystoscopy. This is known as urinary retention. Urinary retention after a cystoscopy is uncommon in women, but men with pre-existing urination problems are at an increased risk.

Urinary retention may be a sign your urethra (the tube the carries urine out of the body) or your prostate (in men) is swollen, so you should contact staff at the hospital where you had the cystoscopy if you experience this problem.

In some cases, a thin tube called a catheter may need to be temporarily inserted through your urethra to allow urine to drain.

Bleeding and bladder damage

Mild bleeding that lasts for a few days is common after having a cystoscopy, particularly if a biopsy sample was removed during the procedure. However, in rare cases bleeding may be a sign your bladder has been damaged.

Seek medical advice if you have persistent or severe bleeding because you may need a temporary catheter fitted or surgery to repair any damage to your bladder.